Peru

Over the last 15 years, Peru has lost more than 125,000 ha. of forest annually with no major changes in the trend despite efforts to implement deforestation reduction strategies. Almost 100% of deforestation is caused by agriculture. Deforestation is localized mainly in the central Amazon area (Ucayali and Huánuco regions) and in the northern Amazon area (San Martin region) with overall more than 10 active forest frontiers. Each frontier presents specific socio-ecological characteristics and triggers of direct change, with rapid turnover of actors intervening over land and complex mechanisms of evolution across the various phases of the frontier consolidation. About 80% of forest loss is due to conversion to small patches of less than 5 ha. corresponding to the opening of fields for cash crops, mostly coffee and increasingly. Large scale deforestation is mostly related to oil palm expansion.  Almost 3.5 million ha of deforested land is managed by smallholders as a shifting mosaic of small patch areas of less than 5 ha composed by temporal and permanent crops, pastures, and fallow-based systems, reflecting the diversified livelihoods of family farmers (Robiglio etal., 2014).

The barriers facing the alignment of biodiversity conservation and agricultural objectives include limited knowledge of the role of agricultural mosaics and trees on farms as beneficial to both priorities and sectorial and institutional segmentation that separates agriculture from trees resources, except in the case of fruit trees, that are considered crops.

However, Peru’s NBSAP offers opportunities for increasing TonF as does Peru’s 3.2 million ha. pledge to the Bonn Challenge. The degraded landscapes identified for restoration overlap with the agricultural land-use mosaic managed by family farmers in the Amazon region. There is an increased recognition of mosaic restoration versus the landscape large scale restoration of forest, and consequently of the pivotal role of smallholders in supporting restoration processes through the establishment and management of biodiversity friendly production systems based on crops of local importance. Peru’s NDC is also supported by the TonF approach as the NDC includes measures for the agricultural sector, including shaded cocoa and coffee and its LULUCF-USCUSS includes a specific measure on agroforestry.

Activities

National stakeholder meeting in December 2019 to discuss a roadmap for framing an enabling policy and regulatory context to favour the adoption of biodiversity friendly tree-based practices.

Ongoing coordination with local stakeholders of Colpa de Loros in Ucayali to present preliminary results about the opportunities to integrate Biodiversity Friendly species in their cocoa Production systems (4 villages) and assess their capacity of producing planting material for key species to be integrated in their cocoa farms.

Ongoing coordination with MINAM-DGBD and IIAP to implement the Biodiversity Assessment Tool optional module on vertebrates in the project sampling area and planning of the activity next year

Support and advisory to a multi-sectorial effort to align policies and definitions on agroforestry to facilitate the achievement of Peru’s climate, biodiversity and restoration targets.

Peru News & Stories

Resources

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Agroforesteria para conservar y restaurar la biodiversidad en Perú

Published : August 4, 2021

Type : pdf

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Opciones financieras e incentivos para arboles en las chacras para la biodiversidad_equipo TonF

Published : July 16, 2021

Type : pdf

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La importancia de los arboles para la biodiversidad una publicacion de evidencias e indicadores_Suber

Published : July 16, 2021

Type : pdf

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Escenarios de conservacion basado en el manejo de AREC. El caso del cacao en un paisaje de Ucayali_equipo TonF

Published : July 16, 2021

Type : pdf

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Arboles en las Chacras. Balance al tercer año del proyecto_Robiglio

Published : July 16, 2021

Type : pdf

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La biodiversidad en paisajes agricolas

Published : March 16, 2021

Type : pdf

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Arboles en las chacras Estudio prospectivo sobre la biodiversidad en Peru Roxana Solis

Published : October 8, 2020

Type : pdf

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Implementación herramienta de evaluacion de la contribucion de la biodiversidad de arboles en las chacras de Perú Marta Suber

Published : October 8, 2020

Type : ppsx

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Arboles en las chacras Valentina Robiglio

Published : October 8, 2020

Type : ppsx

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Harnessing the potential of trees on farms for meeting national and global biodiversity targets Peru

Published : February 24, 2020

Type : pdf

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Reyes, M., Robiglio, V,. 2018. Árboles en chacras: restauración y conservación de la biodiversidad en áreas agrícolas. Primer Simposio Nacional en Restauración de Ecosistemas Forestales con enfoque de paisajes. Lima, Peru.

Published : December 6, 2019

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Robiglio, V., Reyes, M. 2016. Restoration through formalization? Assessing the potential of Peru’s Agroforestry Concessions scheme to contribute to restoration in agricultural frontiers in the Amazon region. World Development Perspectives 3: 42-46.

Published : December 6, 2019

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SILVA, C., ROBIGLIO, V., DONOVAN, J., ARMAS, A. & PAINO, B. 2013. Incentives for carbon stock enhancement. A study of cocoa producers and cooperatives in Padre Abad, Peru. ICRAF.

Published : December 6, 2019

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How TonF component in silvopastoral systems are a key component to the livestock emission balance of Latin America and what need to be done to finally visualize this mitigation resources in the national reporting schemes.

Published : December 6, 2019

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How TonF are to be embedded within the practices and boundaries defining the Forestry NAMA of Colombia

Published : December 6, 2019

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How including TonFs in key to fulfill Peruvain climate agreement

Published : December 6, 2019

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Making trees count: Measurement and reporting of agroforestry in UNFCCC national communications of non-Annex I countries

Published : December 6, 2019

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Team

Valentina Robiglio

PhD in Forestry. Her major research interests include tropical land-use trajectories, forest-cover dynamics, agricultural intensification, smallholders’ livelihoods, environmental services, and mitigation and adaptation in smallholding contexts on tropical forest margins. Senior land-use systems scientist at ICRAF and Scientific Coordinator of TonF project in Peru.

Martin Reyes

MSc in Geoinformation Science. His topics of interest include land-use change, restoration, support for the proper implementation of land management policies in agricultural mosaics using a multidisciplinary approach and geographic information systems. Spatial analyst at ICRAF.

Marta Suber

Bachelor in Forestry, MSc in Tropical Forestry Management and MST in Management and Environmental Policies for Tropical Forests. Focused on national emission reduction policies for Land Use, Land Use Change and Forestry sector, on carbon projects in Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Uses sector and certification schemes, and on the development of agricultural interventions with a landscape approach to achieve sustainability in the agricultural matrix of smallholder farmers. Climate-change mitigation specialist at ICRAF.

Elena Borasino

Economist, Master in International Development Studies with specialisation in Development Economics. Consultant to the ICRAF Peru team for the TonF project. In the framework of the project, she has collaborated with an analysis of the regulatory framework that influences producers' decisions to maintain, restore and expand trees on their farms. She is currently working on identifying incentives and financial options to promote and conserve trees on farms in the Peruvian Amazon.

Patricia Garcia

Agricultural Engineer with a Master degree in Plant Genetic Improvement. She has extensive experience in research, innovation, technology transfer and supervision of projects related to agrobiodiversity, in-situ and ex-situ conservation, characterization (morphoagronomic, molecular, sensory), genetic improvement, biotechnology (in-vitro culture, genomics, somatic embryogenesis), post-harvest, cupping, agroforestry and sustainable use of cocoa. Cocoa systems agronomist at ICRAF.